骨科术语表
关节成形术
全关节置换术 — A joint replacement involving an internal prosthesis by removing the diseased joint and replacing the acetabular components with either metal or plastic materials and a metal prosthesis of the femoral segment.
癌症
看到肿瘤.
足部及踝部
拇外翻 — Overgrowth of bone on the dorsal surface of the metatarsal head or dorsal malposition of the 1st metatarsal.
扁平足 -一个或两个弓都变平的情况.
锤脚趾 -第二到第五趾的各种畸形.
骨连接不正 — State of healing of the bone in which bone unites but in abnormal position and/or alignment.
骨折不愈合 — State of healing of the bone in which there is no healing.
肌腱炎 -肌腱发炎.
手
腕管综合症 — Loss of sensation and sometimes motor control if median nerve is cut off at the wrist because of compression of the nerve at the carpal ligament.
Dupuytren的挛缩 — A thickening and contracture of the palmar fascia of the hand resulting in flexion deformities of the finger.
周围神经紊乱 — Problems involving numbness, tingling and weakness in the upper extremity.
扣扳机的手指 -抓住或锁住手指.
反射性交感神经营养不良 — A diseased state of an extremity that is characterized by very severe pain, 肿胀, 刚度, 和变色. It usually occurs after a trauma or disease of an extremity is generated by an abnormal sympathetic reflex, and is characteristically treated by the abolition of this increased sympathetic nerve stimulation. RSD is generally considered to be synonymous with vasomotor and trophic disorders.
肿瘤学
骨囊肿 -骨头上含有液体或半固体物质的囊.
骨转移 -恶性癌细胞向骨骼扩散.
尤文氏肉瘤 — Malignant tumor of bone seen in children, composed of small round cells.
佩吉特氏病 — Disease of excess bone removal and replacement with deformity.
儿科
臂丛麻痹 — Excessive lateral flexion of the head on the trunk during delivery of the shoulders or delivery of the head in a traction injury to one or more components of the brachial plexus.
脑瘫 — A general term applied to central nervous system disorders found at birth or infancy and affecting muscle control.
畸形足 — Turning of the heel inward with increased plantar flexion (the toe-down motion of the foot at the ankle).
髋关节发育不良 -髋臼正常骨模型的失败.
腿长不齐 -一条腿比另一条短. This is a common sequel of many congenital and acquired musculoskeletal diseases.
肌肉萎缩症 — A group of degenerative disorders of muscle resulting in atrophy and weakness.
脊柱裂 — Congenital absence of a large portion of the posterior spine, usually in the lumbosacral region.
脊柱侧凸 -背部左右弯曲, a lateral and rotational deviation of the spine from the normally straight vertical line of the spine. 这样的曲线可以称为固定曲线, which means that any attempt to eliminate the curve by body motion is not successful.
脊柱
强直性脊柱炎 — A rheumatoid arthritis-type disease causing spontaneous fusion of the spine.
颈椎退变 — The deterioration of quality of the seven segments of spinal tissue between the base of the skull and the thoracic spine.
椎间盘退行性疾病 — Gradual or rapid deterioration of the chemical composition and physical properties of the disk space.
椎间盘突出 — Fibrous extrusion of semifluid nucleus protrudes through a ruptured intervertebral disk; damage results from pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots.
驼背 -脊柱任何前屈部位或畸形.
脊柱后/前路融合 — A procedure for fusing two or more spinal segments with or without removal of an intervertebral disk.
脊椎前移 -椎体在下面的椎体上的位移.
脊柱侧凸 -背部左右弯曲, a lateral and rotational deviation of the spine from the normally straight vertical line of the spine. 这样的曲线可以称为固定曲线, which means that any attempt to eliminate the curve by body motion is not successful.
运动医学
阿基里斯肌腱炎 — Inflammation of the heel cord that is the extension from the triceps surae group of muscles.
网球肘 -外上髁应力性肌腱炎.
前十字韧带撕裂 — Tear in one or both of the two deep ligaments within the knee that are crossed.
内侧副韧带撕裂 — A tear in the strong fibrous ligament on the medial side of the knee connecting the femur with the tibia.
半月板撕裂 — A tear in the crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous disk between the two joint surfaces.
肩袖撕裂 — Tear in one or more of the tendons that lie deep in the shoulder and bridge the glenohumeral joint.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.